Particularly dangerous areas are characterized by the presence of one of the following: Specific humidity (relative humidity close to 100% ceiling, walls, floor and objects in the room are covered with moisture), a chemically active medium (in the room long-term or permanently contained pairs or form deposits. Acting destructively on insulation and conductive parts of electrical equipment), the simultaneous presence of two or more conditions that characterize the area with an increased risk.
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By the premises of this class may be assigned, such as boilers, electrolysis shops, shops with a dirt floor, where the electrical work lifting machinery, livestock farms with aggressive media, baths, etc.
The specificity of the operation of electrical equipment in terms of security and impose additional requirements for placing them in the process manufacturing plants in comparison with the electric facilities that are available only electro technical personnel.
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Here, everything is taken into account: Design, implementation, insulation class electrical equipment and electrical installation products and materials - everything must strictly comply with environmental conditions, operating modes and special requirements of normative documents.
The severity of many industrial facilities can significantly reduce the rational use of ventilation and sealing.
When single-pole contact with live parts of the outcome of the defeat of E in addition to other factors largely depend on the floor on which the person is.
Paul, made of insulating material (wood), having a very high resistance, reduces the risk of electric shock.
Earthen floor as well as metal, having a low resistance, the most dangerous, especially if it has points of contact with the grounded parts of the installation.
Approved standards of insulation resistance sexes yet.
Based on numerous measurements of the resistivity at room temperature floors 14 - 22 ° C, and provided that contact with the floor created by the soles of shoes total area of 700 cm2, and recommended the following rough estimate of the sexes in terms of insulation of electrical.
By conductive floors assigned floors, which have less resistance 0,25-106 ohms or less resistivity of 15-104 ohm-m.
Semiconducting floors have intermediate characteristics.
It should be emphasized that not only the floor material, but the state of the floor (dirt, humidity) play a major role in ensuring the electrical safety of people, because of these factors also depends on the resistance of the floor.
When the insulating properties of the floor cannot keep, we have to resort to the use of additional isolation devices to be installed on the floor (dielectric supports, rubber mats).
Lack of safe isolation of the sexes is one of the reasons for not only production but also household electrical injuries (in the bathrooms, kitchen and even in residential areas). |